(1)

conversational

interfaces

Natural language becomes the interface, through back-and-forth
between people and machines. Users interact with AI through chat, voice,
or multimodal dialogue, engaging in multi-turn conversations where context
and memory matter.

Conversational UIs lower the barrier to entry /
people can simply ask for what they need.
But designing them requires solving
for ambiguity, grounding, tone, and trust.

The paradigm spans from simple chatbots
to sophisticated assistants like GPT, Claude, or Alexa,
where the boundary between a “tool” and a “partner” blurs / this is what makes it a foundational piece of many agentic
experiences as well.

The paradigm spans from simple chatbots
to sophisticated assistants like GPT, Claude, or Alexa, where the boundary between a “tool”
and a “partner” blurs /
this is what makes it a foundational piece of manyagentic
experiences as well.

The paradigm spans from simple chatbots
to sophisticated assistants like GPT, Claude, or Alexa, where the boundary between a “tool”
and a “partner” blurs /
this is what makes it a foundational piece of manyagentic
experiences as well.

Natural language becomes the interface, through back-and-forth between people and machines.
Users interact with AI through chat, voice, or multimodal dialogue, engaging in multi-turn conversations where context and memory matter.

Conversational UIs lower the barrier to entry /people can simply ask for what they need. But designing them requires solving
for ambiguity, grounding, tone, and trust.

Conversational UIs lower the barrier to entry /people can simply ask for what they need. But designing them requires solving
for ambiguity, grounding, tone, and trust.

Natural language becomes the interface, through back-and-forth between people and machines.
Users interact with AI through chat, voice, or multimodal dialogue, engaging in multi-turn conversations where context and memory matter.

Conversational UIs lower the barrier to entry /people can simply ask for what they need. But designing them requires solving
for ambiguity, grounding, tone, and trust.

The paradigm spans from simple chatbots
to sophisticated assistants like GPT, Claude, or Alexa, where the boundary between a “tool”
and a “partner” blurs /
this is what makes it a foundational piece of manyagentic
experiences as well.

The paradigm spans from simple chatbots
to sophisticated assistants like GPT, Claude, or Alexa, where the boundary between a “tool”
and a “partner” blurs /
this is what makes it a foundational piece of manyagentic
experiences as well.

Natural language becomes the interface, through back-and-forth between people and machines.
Users interact with AI through chat, voice, or multimodal dialogue, engaging in multi-turn conversations where context and memory matter.

Conversational UIs lower the barrier to entry /people can simply ask for what they need. But designing them requires solving
for ambiguity, grounding, tone, and trust.

Conversational UIs lower the barrier to entry /people can simply ask for what they need. But designing them requires solving
for ambiguity, grounding, tone, and trust.

Natural language becomes the interface, through back-and-forth between people and machines.
Users interact with AI through chat, voice, or multimodal dialogue, engaging in multi-turn conversations where context and memory matter.

Conversational UIs lower the barrier to entry /people can simply ask for what they need. But designing them requires solving
for ambiguity, grounding, tone, and trust.

Familiar, intuitive, and low-friction access to complex capabilities through dialogue, without needing to learn a new UI.

core promise

core
promise

main examples

main
examples

Chat-based UIs, voice agents (e.g., Alexa, ChatGPT), customer support bots.

'I say something, the system responds, like a helpful human I can talk to.'

mental model

mental
model

biggest challenge

biggest
challenge

Keeping interactions coherent across time and topics.

Conversational interfaces turn language into the interface. They’re ideal for natural interaction, open-ended input, and low-barrier onboarding / but require careful design to manage ambiguity, user trust, and expectation setting.

in short

when to use
this paradigm

overview

Conversational interfaces enable users to interact with systems using natural language (through text or voice) in a back-and-forth dialogue format (often with memory).

Familiar, intuitive, and low-friction access to complex capabilities through dialogue, without needing to learn a new UI.

core promise

main examples

Chat-based UIs, voice agents ( siri, Alexa, ChatGPT, duolingo max), customer support bots.

use

cases

bad

(1)

Highly precise tasks with no tolerance for misinterpretation

(2)

Tasks requiring quick scanning or multi-option selection

(3)

Interfaces where users expect control over every step

good

(1)

Open-ended queries ("help me brainstorm")

(2)

Exploration or ideation ("What are some travel destinations?")

(3)

Hands-free tasks (voice-activated interfaces)

(4)

When a UI is too complex to present up front

(5)

for onboarding or guidance flows

design

themes

recommen-dations

(1)

(1)

hallucination & misinformation

Always design for confident uncertainty ("I’m not sure, but here’s what I found...").

(1)

(2)

Ambiguity & Misunderstanding

Use summarization and clarification patterns ( 'Just to confirm, you want to…").

(1)

(3)

Over-talking AI

Keep responses short and scannable. Avoid "walls of text".

(1)

(4)

Tone & Personality Balance

Friendly ≠ flippant. Tune for trust, especially in serious domains.

(1)

(5)

Breakdowns in flow

Always offer a “way out” — fallback to button-based actions or escalation paths.

&

tooling

&

implementation

implemen-tation

notes

prototyping

(1)

Use tools like Voiceflow, Tiledesk, or Botmock

(1)

for flow design.

(2)

ChatGPT playground

(1)

for prototyping intent responses.

(3)

ChatGPT playground

(1)

for prototyping intent responses.

(4)

Framer, Figma, or Lovable

(1)

for building chat UI shells.

Technical Considerations

(1)

Identify intents and fallback cases

(1)

early.

(2)

Decide between retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)

(1)

or scripted flows

(3)

Consider latency and streaming responses

(1)

for fluid UX.

(4)

Evaluation + testing strategy

(1)

How will you measure if it's working? (task success rate, user satisfaction, error recovery).

(5)

Privacy & data handling

(1)

especially if personal info is shared in conversations.

(6)

Accessibility / keyboard navigation

(1)

screen readers, cognitive load.

(7)

Multi-turn context limits

(1)

how long can conversations get before context degrades?

Team Collaboration

(1)

Work closely with engineers

(1)

on intent matching and dialogue memory.

(2)

Align on system persona

(1)

and how much the model can improvise.

user

intent

archetypes

&

microcopy

examples

archetypes

&

examples

User intent archetypes

User intent archetypes

Ask

“I need an answer to something”

Clarify

“Help me understand this better”

Guide

“Walk me through the steps”

Explore

“Show me possibilities / brainstorm with me”

Correct

“That’s not what I meant — try again”

Continue

“Let’s pick up where we left off”

Prompt Starters

Prompt Starters

(1)

“Can you help me…"

(2)

“What are the steps to…”

(3)

“Explain this like I’m five.”

(4)

“Give me ideas for…”

ui microcopy

ui microcopy

(1)

“Ask me anything…”

(2)

“Want to try another way?”

(3)

“I didn’t quite get that — mind rephrasing?”

(4)

“Here’s what I found — want to go deeper?”

Ioana Teleanu is a patent-holding ai & product designer, founder, speaker, curator & creator.

she is using AI as design material to shape the future of digital products and documenting it in public.

© 2025 ai design os

Ioana Teleanu is a patent-holding ai & product designer, founder, speaker, curator & creator.

she is using AI as design material to shape the future of digital products and documenting it in public.

© 2025 ai design os

Ioana Teleanu is a patent-holding ai & product designer, founder, speaker, curator & creator.

she is using AI as design material to shape the future of digital products and documenting it in public.

© 2025 ai design os

Ioana Teleanu is a patent-holding ai & product designer, founder, speaker, curator & creator.

she is using AI as design material to shape the future of digital products and documenting it in public.

© 2025 ai design os